North India, the eternal, the elephants and the palaces of Maharajas, the sadhus and Jain temples, colorful festivals and the Taj Mahal, India is also megalopolis indescribable mix of medieval and modern, with its processions of misery and jams!
Ethnic groups in large quantities, a few thousand years of history of religions want you here, sacred cows every street corner unveil India such wealth and such diversity that you will be amazed not intact!
Kerala Bollywood, South Indian cinema you will! It is especially the magnificent landscapes of Kerala, paddy fields, palm trees, tropical vegetation, animal reserves, but also the beaches of sight, Dravidian palaces, elephants and colorful saris, the very kitchen spicy.
South India is also Bombay, the capital of Indian cinema, which provides thousands of fans an impressive number of masala films and Madurai, the capital of Hindu pilgrimage, the oldest and most cited holy South, which contains one of the most fascinating temples of the country. There is so much wealth there is only one trip is not enough.
The south (Deccan) corresponding to the peninsular is a fragment of an older tectonic units of the globe; Gondwanaland (whose name is derived from "Gond" tribe living in the center of the Deccan). At this rigid base, made up of old Precambrian rocks, opposed to the north, a significant part of the vast mountainous Himalayan arc from a Miocene tectonic phase.
India is located in a tropical area entirely (it extends in latitude between the 33rd and 8th N) and is characterized by warm climates .But in the distribution of these differences in latitude climates play a significant role . Continental India winters do (the average January temperature is below 20 ° C, while India Peninsular winters lukewarm, especially in the southwest (Kerala) (the average January temperature is above 25 ° C) .The distribution of rainfall plays a key role in climate differences. Much of Indian territory is located in the large near-Earth region of tropical deserts (the latitude of the Sahara), but the country escapes to the desert climate through the monsoon system. season cold north-south air flow spreads over the Indian territory of the air of continental origin that generates a cool, dry characteristic of autumn (Sharad) and winter (Hima ) .This drought continues in the period of scorching heat which extends from March to May (Grishna.) As for the rainy season or monsoon (arish) it extends from June to September monsoon .The is an oceanic flow from the south-west sweeping the Deccan and meeting the Himalayan barrier, then traces his progress westward through the Indo-Gangetic plain .This flow brings rain to the regions through which it passes (especially in coastal areas and on mountain slopes exposed to the west): the western edge of the Deccan, Assam and the southern chain of the Himalayas.
The civilization of India was originally based on water management, hydrology is one of the essential elements of geography .We provinces are two very different characters: the Northern Province which receives water from the Himalayas and the Deccan .The northern province receives huge amounts of water through the river system draining the Himalayas. It is mainly formed by the Ganges (3090 km long drainage basin of 2,165,000 km2), with its great Himalayan tributaries Jamma (or Yamuna) Gogra, Gandak, Kosi; the Brahmaputra, the upper Tibetan course is called Tsangpo (2880 km long draining a basin of 930,000 km2) .In their lower reaches the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers join to side like Tista which comes from Sikkim to form the vast delta of Bengal. The tributaries of the Ganges from the Deccan (Chambal, Son, ...) are minor, their speed is much lower than that of rivers .The Himalayan territory is crossed by several tributaries of the Indus (Ravis, Beas, Sutlej) that converge on the river in the plains of Punjab. The regime of these rivers is very irregular. Their speed is at least during the winter dry season. Their flood occurs in summer, fed by monsoon rains and melting of glaciers; it can reach the speed of thirty times the flow rate of low flow .Thus Brahmapoutra to Goalpara during rains estimated to about 15000 m3 per second. This explains the appearance of these rivers and the harsh conditions of their use. The Ganges is in the dry season during a narrow water, meandering in a flood plain during floods becomes a wide river (about 1 kilometer wide) .The floods can cover wide areas in the plains at the foot of the Himalayas (Assam, Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh).
climate
India is situated in a fully tropics .She extends between latitude 8 ° N 330. It is characterized by warm climates. In the distribution of these differences in latitude climates play a significant role mainland India has cool winters (average January temperature below 20 ° C) while peninsular India has warmest winters, especially in the south Nighthawk (Kerala) where thermal equality shows an equatorial trend (January average higher than 25 ° C) .The rainfall distribution plays a more decisive role in climate differences. Considering the position of the Tropic of Cancer which roughly separates the Indian mainland peninsular India, we see that most of the Indian territory is located in the large near-Earth region of tropical deserts (latitude of the Sahara) .She escapes to the desert climate that thanks to the monsoon system. In cold weather, a north-south air flow spreads over the Indian territory of the air of continental origin that causes, as in other Asian countries, the cool and dry, typical autumn (sharad) and winter (himma). This drought has continued, with various characters in different regions, in the period of extreme heat (Grishna) which extends from March to May The rainy season or monsoon ("Varsh") extends from June to September .This ocean air flow from the south-west, first scans the expanse of Deccan, then contact the Himalayan barrier, bends his westwards and crossed the Gangetic plain after the so-called "monsoon trough" .It describes a kind of rotation, bringing rain to the regions it traverse.Les regions with high rainfall are coastal areas and mountain slopes exposed to the wet stream that is to say, the western edge of the Deccan, Bengal, Assam and the southern ranges of the Himalayas. Also on the eastern coasts of the Deccan (coastal Andhra and Coromandel) manifests monsoon southeast. This is actually tropical cyclones always spread west and north-west and, therefore, affect only the eastern shores. Occurring late in the time of withdrawal of the monsoon, cyclones cause maximum storm. On the other hand winter and spring (Mediterranean character) made West by depressions rains affect the entire North West Indian space: they are felt in the Gangetic plains and even in part of central India.
tourism
India has many tourist attractions: archaeological and historical sites, varied landscapes, cultures and musical traditions, culinary, religious, etc ... In 2007 she received 0.52% of international tourist arrivals from a total of 842 million.
Crucial sector for the Indian economy, the engine of growth and jobs, the hospitality and tourism industry in India is the third largest export industry after the ready-to-wear, gems and jewelery. The sector employs over 18 million people and contributes 5.6% of GDP. By 2010, it is expected to create 25 million jobs.
The tourism sector is expected to grow by 8.8% over the next 10 years, faster than China. According to the WTTC, investment in this sector is expected to surpass 21.4 billion dollars in 2014 Representing a total amount of around € 6 billion in business revenue for 2007, tourism is the second largest source of foreign exchange for the India after textiles and about 10% of tax revenues. The number of foreign tourists think quickly (14% in 2006-07), but remains modest (4.4 million in 2007 against 2.38 million in 2002).
In the field of hotel facilities in India, the demand for quality accommodation outstripping supply. The country has approximately 1.2 million hotel rooms, of which only 7% (approximately 80,000 rooms) have at least one star. This lack of hotel capacity translates into very high occupancy rates in major hotel chains (about 80%) and the room rates increased by about 44% between 2001 and 2006 also the Indian hospitality industry is too heavily concentrated in the cities where the "luxury" segment is more developed than the 2-3 star category.
The recent economic growth has been accompanied by the emergence of a middle class equipped with a high purchasing power. This socio-economic upheaval is causing a national tourism steadily. Between 2004 and 2005 the number of Indian tourists traveling abroad rose by 13.5%, amounting to more than 7 million passengers.
The country received 5.9 million foreign tourists in 2010 (against 4.4 million in 2007, 5.28 million in 20088, 5.11 million in 2009). The United States are the first tourists of India (803,000 visitors in 2009, representing 15.7% of total), followed by the UK (749,000 tourists, 14.6%), Bangladesh (2.41 million tourists 4.77%), Sri Lanka (241000 tourists, 4.72%) and Canada (221000 tourists, 4.3%). France occupies the 6th place with 195,000 visitors (3.8%). The 5 most visited by foreign tourists in 2009 states were: Tamil Nadu (2.3 million tourists, 17.3% of the total number of foreign tourists), Maharashtra (1.9 million tourists, 14 6%), Delhi (1.95 million tourists, 14.3%), Uttar Pradesh (1.5 million tourists, 11.2%) and West Bengal (1.1 million tourists, 8 , 6%).
In 2010 the industry employed more than 18 million people and contributed to 5.6% of GDP by 2012 tourism is expected to create 25 million jobs and 40 million in 2018.
The number of foreign tourists in India is expected to rise to 9 million in 2020 Today, India ranks 46th among the 60 top tourist destinations. However, the country is the 3rd largest country with the highest expected growth between 2005-2014.
Among emerging tourist areas, it should be noted medical tourism growth of 25% for 5 years. This is ironic in a country that lacks 600,000 doctors and one million nurses to meet the basic health of the population. India has just one doctor for 10,000 patients today, when France account for a 322 Medical tourism could bring in $ 2.3 billion to India's GDP by 2012 (nearly ten times the volume of 2002). India has become one of the largest exporters emerging care (along with Cuba, Bolivia, South Africa, and Thailand). Nearly 100,000 medical tourists (over two million estimated worldwide) come to India every year, a figure expected to grow 15% annually. The most requested operations are heart treatments, bone marrow transplants, or hip replacements and knee. The cost of a liver transplant increased from $ 500 000 to $ 30 000 in India, that of a marrow transplant from 250 000 to 20 000 dollars ... The clientele of this sector is essentially Western, especially American. Different states have specialized Gujarat and Delhi in cardiac surgery, Chennai in the treatment of eye, Kerala and Karnataka pathologies in holistic, naturopathic and ayurvedic treatments ... Another emerging sector consists of adventure tourism (down whitewater rivers, trekking, paragliding, bird watching, camping, etc ...). However, the sector suffers from a lack of professional guides and inadequate logistics to ensure the safety of tourists in particular.
